Voluntary Exercise Decreases Amyloid Load in a Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder for which there are few therapeutics that affect the underlying disease mechanism. Recent epidemiological studies, however, suggest that lifestyle changes may slow the onset/progression of AD. Here we have used TgCRND8 mice to examine directly the interaction between exercise and the AD cascade. Five months of voluntary exercise resulted in a decrease in extracellular amyloid-{beta} (A{beta}) plaques in the frontal cortex (38%; p = 0.018), the cortex at the level of the hippocampus (53%; p = 0.0003), and the hippocampus (40%; p = 0.06).
In this paper, we argue that attractiveness signals immune resistance. Being attractive would thus be an honest signal for an immune system that coped well with the environmental challenges it was exposed to during ontogeny. This is a prerequisite for developmental stability, which again affects the differentiation of beauty characteristics. We argue that human preferences and mate choice criteria have evolved in coevolution with parasites, and that the current parasite load modulates our decision making.
Effects of a grapeseed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on insulin resistance
...25 mg/kg body weight per day of GSPE has a positive long-term effect on glucose homeostasis, and GSPE could be targeted at adipose tissue, where it might directly stimulate glucose uptake.
In that muscle strength may start to decline as early as the fourth decade of life and may accelerate in subsequent years, Anne Newman, from University of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania, USA), and colleagues studied over 2,000 men and women in their 70s, surveying their eating habits and measuring the subjects’ grip strength at the study’s start and two years later. The team found a significant positive link between dietary intake of vitamins C and E and subsequent change in muscle strength, regardless of the subjects’ initial strength levels.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids May Reduce Risk of Colon Cancer
Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, primarily found in fish and seafood, may have a role in colorectal cancer prevention...
..."Experimental data have shown benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in colorectal carcinogenesis, ranging from reduced tumor growth, suppression of angiogenesis and inhibition of metastasis,"...
"Experimental data have shown benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in colorectal carcinogenesis, ranging from reduced tumor growth, suppression of angiogenesis and inhibition of metastasis,"...
...The researchers detected these associations in white participants, but not in black participants.
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Roe of marine animals is best natural source of omega-3
The roe of hake, lumpsucker and salmon is the best dietary source of Omega 3, according to a study carried out by researchers at the University of Almería (UAL).
...The results, published in the European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, show that Omega 3 fatty acids are present in all fish roe, but especially in the eggs of Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), squid (Loligo vulgaris), cuttlefish (Sepia sp.), lumpsucker (Cyclopterus lumpus), hake (Merluccius merluccius) and salmon (Salmo salar).
Hyperglycemia: New Mechanism Underlying Cardiovascular Disease Described
"Osteopontin is the black sheep of vascular biology. We know that elevated levels of this protein set off a cascade of inflammatory events that injures the blood vessel walls," says Maria Gomez.
It is already known that diabetics have elevated levels of osteopontin in their blood and that there is a strong connection with diabetes complications. Inflammation is a basic mechanism underlying atherosclerotic plaque formation, which causes cardiac infarction and stroke.
In letzter Zeit frage ich mich häufig, inwiefern unser Verhalten von den Mikroorganismen in uns gesteuert wird. So kann das ganze abgehen, wenn man eine Maus ist:
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Behavioral changes induced by Toxoplasma infection of rodents are highly specific to aversion of cat odors
The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii blocks the innate aversion of rats for cat urine, instead producing an attraction to the pheromone; this may increase the likelihood of a cat predating a rat. This is thought to reflect adaptive, behavioral manipulation by Toxoplasma in that the parasite, although capable of infecting rats, reproduces sexually only in the gut of the cat. The “behavioral manipulation” hypothesis postulates that a parasite will specifically manipulate host behaviors essential for enhancing its own transmission.
Sehr interessant, wenn man darüber nachdenkt, was es für den Menschen bedeutet, wenn er ebenso Bakterien-, Viren- oder Pilz-gesteuert ist. Man denke nur an soziales Verhalten, Partnerwahl, Entscheidungen in Wirtschaft und Politik, usw.
In the research report, scientists show that foods high in fat and sugar stimulate a known opioid receptor, called the kappa opioid receptor, which plays a role in fat metabolism. When this receptor is stimulated, it causes our bodies to hold on to far more fat than our bodies would do otherwise.
According to Traci Ann Czyzyk-Morgan, one of the researchers involved in the work, "the data presented here support the hypothesis that overactivation of kappa opioid receptors contribute to the development of obesity specifically during prolonged consumption of high-fat, calorically dense diets."
Klingt erstmal so, als wäre Fett per se schlecht. Ich bin zu sehr Laie um es 100%ig einschätzen zu können, aber diese Annahme erscheint in einem anderen Licht, wenn man sich die folgende Studie anschaut.
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Kohlenhydrate schädigen Insulin-produzierende Zellen durch oxidativen Stress
Eine kohlenhydrathaltige, fettreiche Kost macht nicht nur dick, sondern begünstigt auch Diabetes. Wie ein Forscherteam um Hadi Al-Hasani vom Deutschen Institut für Ernährungsforschung (DIfE) nun erstmalig zeigt, sind es jedoch die Kohlenhydrate und nicht die Fette, welche die Insulin-produzierenden Zellen der Bauchspeicheldrüse schädigen. In Verbindung mit einer fettreichen Ernährung erhöhen Kohlenhydrate den oxidativen Stress in den Zellen, lassen sie so schneller altern und damit auch früher sterben. Die neuen Daten tragen wesentlich dazu bei, die bisher nur wenig verstandenen molekularen Zusammenhänge zwischen Ernährung und Diabetesentstehung aufzuklären.
‘Moderate’ consumption of fructose-containing sweeteners may produce ‘modest but significant changes’ that may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome, says a new rat study.
“Although we did not observe excessive weight gain in all tested sweetener groups, the lipid and liver metabolism changes indicate that even moderate fructose consumption might contribute to the onset or development of the Metabolic Syndrome, which might be exacerbated by consumption of a Westernized high-fat diet, and needs to be investigated in future studies,” they added.
Anti-diabetic and hypoglycaemic effects of Momordica charantia (bitter melon): a mini review
Momordica charantia (bitter melon) is a popular fruit used for the treatment of diabetes and related conditions amongst the indigenous populations of Asia, South America, India and East Africa. Abundant pre-clinical studies have documented the anti-diabetic and hypoglycaemic effects of M. charantia through various postulated mechanisms.
Bin zwar nicht sicher, was das bedeutet, aber es klingt wichtig.
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Antioxidative defense and mitochondrial thermogenic response in brown adipose tissue
Cold-exposure activates interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) non-shivering thermogenesis that relies primarily on intensification of metabolic rate and uncoupling. During cold-acclimation, uncoupling in IBAT decreases superoxide (O2 ·−) production and as an adaptive response the activities of manganese and copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Mn- and CuZn-SOD, respectively) are decreased, as well. However, molecular mechanisms governing this SODs adaptive response are still unsolved. Besides, knowing that NO reinforces IBAT uncoupling, we wondered whether nitric oxide (NO) is taking part in SODs regulation?
Killer cookies: To resist temptation, exaggerate the threat
Your ability to resist that tempting cookie depends on how a big a threat you perceive it to be, according to a new study in the Journal of Consumer Research.
Common diseases in humans in which metabolic control is disrupted may reflect an ancient coupling of immune responses to reallocation of energy resources needed to fight infection. This is the conclusion of DiAngelo and colleagues, who studied the primitive innate immune system of Drosophila and its effects on metabolic control through insulin signaling.
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